Salta Province

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Lore & Background

Salta Province was created in 1814 by Gervasio de Posadas, originally including parts of what are now Jujuy, southern Bolivia, and northern Chile. The Battle of Salta in 1813 ended Spanish control, though attacks from the Viceroyalty of Peru continued until 1826. The province has a varied climate due to altitude and orography, ranging from hot semi-arid in the east to cool arid in the high Andes. The eastern slopes receive heavy orographic rainfall, supporting dense jungle. The Valles Calchaquíes have a subtropical highland climate and are known for wine production. The Altiplano region features salt flats and a cool semi-arid climate. Economically, Salta produces oil, gas, uranium, and silver. Agriculture includes tobacco, sugar cane, and viticulture, especially Torrontés, Malbec, and Cabernet Sauvignon. Tourism is significant, with attractions such as the Tren a las Nubes, the Museum of High Altitude Archaeology (housing the Children of Llullaillaco mummies), and three national parks: El Rey, Baritú, and Los Cardones.

Reader's Guide

Salta Province holds historical importance as a key region in Argentina's independence and as a crossroads of indigenous and colonial cultures. Its capital, Salta, is a major tourist destination known for colonial architecture and the Museum of High Altitude Archaeology. The province's diverse geography—from the Chaco plains to the high Andes—supports a range of economic activities, including energy extraction, mining, and agriculture. The Valles Calchaquíes wine region is nationally renowned. Salta's history of border changes reflects broader geopolitical shifts in the Southern Cone. The province's economy, though underdeveloped relative to national averages, is diverse and includes manufacturing, petroleum refining, and tourism.

Did You Know?

• The Battle of Salta in 1813 freed the territory from Spain.
• Salta Province was created in 1814 by Gervasio de Posadas.